نوع مقاله : پژوهش کیفی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی بالینی خانواده، پژوهشکده خانواده، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
2 استادیار، گروه مطالعات بنیادین، پژوهشکده خانواده، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
در پژوهشهای بسیاری به تأثیر غیر قابل انکار والدین در تربیت فرزندان اشاره شده است. اما با این وجود تا به حال در ادبیات پژوهش فارسی به بررسی عمیق چرایی و چگونگی این تأثیر پرداخته نشده است. مطالعه حاضر با روش کیفی و به شیوه‌ی پدیدارشناسی تفسیری به واکاوی چگونگی ایفای این نقش توسط والدین پرداخت. به این منظور از روش مصاحبه‌ی عمیق و نیمه‌ساختاریافته استفاده شد و با 10 والد از خانواده های ایرانی مصاحبه شد. داده های به دست آمده از این مصاحبه‌ها به روش تفسیری اسمیت مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج تحلیل‌ها به دو مضمون اصلی «راهبردهای متفاوت والدین برای انتقال ارزش و معنا به فرزندان» و « تأثیرپذیری راهبردهای انتقال از عوامل متعدد » منتهی شد. مضامین فرعی نیز عبارت بودند از:«انتقال از طریق کلام و رفتار غیرکلامی»، «کنترل روابط فرزند به عنوان یک راهبرد»، «انتخاب محیط فرزند به عنوان یک راهبرد»، «تأثیر اعتماد والدین به فرزند در راهبرد مورد اتخاذ»، «تأثیر تجربه شخصی والد در رابطه با والدین خودش»، «تأثیر تفاوت شخصیت فرزندان در راهبرد مورد اتخاذ»، «تغییرات تدریجی شخصیت والد و تأثیرگذاری آن بر راهبرد او»، «تأثیر مرحله تحولی فرزند بر راهبرد مورد اتخاذ»، «تأثیر آموزه‌های روانشناختی بر راهبرد مورد اتخاذ»، «وجود اختلاف بین والدین برای اتخاذ یک راهبرد» و «تأثیرگذاری اهمیت یک ارزش بر راهبرد مورد اتخاذ». نتایج این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که فرآیند انتقال ارزش‌ها و معنای زندگی، فقط متاثر از محتوای موردنظر والدین برای انتقال نیست و راهبردهای والدین در مسیر انتقال، تحت تأثیر عوامل مختلفی از باورها و احساسات درونی والدین گرفته تا متغیرهای مرتبط با فرزندان هستند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Role Parents Play in Transmission Values and Meanings to Their Children
نویسندگان [English]
- Mohamad Amin Faqih 1
- Zahra Abdekhodaie 2
1 Master of Clinical Family Psychology, Department of Basic Studies, Family Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Basic Studies, Family Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
In many research studies, it has been pointed out that parents are effective in raising their children. Parents have always sought to transfer their lives’ values and meanings to their children. But, in the literature of Persian research, there has not been an in-depth study of the way this effect has been done. The present study aimed to analyze how parents play this role through a qualitative research method and an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). To this end, a semi-structured interview was conducted with ten parents of Iranian families. Moreover, data analysis was carried out by Smith’s IPA. The analyses’ results led to two main themes (i.e., “Different strategies of parents to transmit values and meanings to children” and “Affectability of transmission strategies”). Furthermore, the sub-themes included "transmission through verbal and non-verbal behavior", "relationship control as a strategy", "control of the environment as a strategy", "effect of parents’ trust in children in strategy selection", "effect of parents’ personal experience about their parents", "effect of children personality differences in strategy selection", "effect of gradual changes in parents personalities in strategy selection", "effect of child’s developmental stage in strategy selection", "effect of psychological teachings in strategy selection", "parental discord in strategy selection", and "effectiveness of importance of a value in strategy selection". This study’s results revealed that the process of transferring values and the meaning of life was influenced by the content the parents intended to transfer; moreover, the parents’ strategies in the path of transfer were affected by various factors, from the parents’ inner thoughts to the children-related variables.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Values and Meaning Transfer
- Family
- Children
- Parents
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